Focus immunological disorders-pediatric HIV infection



  HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that infects cells of the immune system, destroying or impairing their function. As the infection progresses, the immune system becomes weaker, and the person becomes more susceptible to infections. The most advanced stage of HIV infection is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It can take 10-15 years for an HIV-infected person to develop AIDS; antiretroviral drugs can slow down the process even further.
HIV is transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse (anal or vaginal), transfusion of contaminated blood, sharing of contaminated needles, and between a mother and her infant during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding ( source:  World Health Organization http://www.who.int/topics/hiv_aids/en/)

 An estimated 3.4 million children were living with HIV at the end of 2011, 91% of them in sub-Saharan Africa. Most of these children acquire HIV from their HIV-infected mothers during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding. With efficacious interventions the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission can be reduced to 2%.( http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/paediatric/en/).

Key facts

  • HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 36 million lives so far.
  • There were approximately 35.3 [32.2–38.8] million people living with HIV in 2012.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region, with nearly 1 in every 20 adults living with HIV. Sixty nine per cent of all people living with HIV are living in this region.
  • HIV infection is usually diagnosed through blood tests detecting the presence or absence of HIV antibodies.( extracted from WHO:  http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/) 
 For more information on the topic including, The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV),Signs and symptom, transmission, risk factors diagnosis , testing and counselling prevention visit   http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/


Related topics

INICEF
The UNICEF website has some key figures on Zimbabwe pediatric HIV and below is a link to a document with some figures on pediatric HIV.
Zimbabwe - Unicef
www.unicef.org/french/aids/files/hiv_pmtctfactsheetZimbabwe.pdf
 
National Aids Council 
 

A local non-governmental website which collects and publishes information on HIV activities in Zimbabwe is The National Aids Council of Zimbabwe (NAC). 
http://www.nac.org.zw/category/tags/hiv-and-aids
 
published recently include articles on 
*New drug for HIV+ women
*Zimbabwe adopts effective HIV elimination in babies
*National Dialogue with PLHIV on New WHO PMTCT Guidelines
 

some books you can read or download on the internet on pediatric HIV 

1.
Cover image

Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in infants and children: Towards universal access

Recommendations for a public health approach: 2010 revision.
 These guidelines address the diagnosis of HIV infection and consider ART in different situations, 
e.g. where infants and children are coinfected with HIV and TB, or have been exposed to ARVs, 
either for PMTCT or because of breastfeeding from an HIV-infected mother on ART.
 In addition, these guidelines address the importance of nutrition in the HIV-infected child and of 
recognizing the severity of malnutrition....( extracted from WHO. http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/paediatric/infants2010/en/)
 download from here..http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599801_eng.pdf1. 
 
 
2. Childhood HIV Childhood HIV: what health professionals need to know. 2008.
It covers an introduction to HIV in children, the clinical and immunological diagnosis of HIV infection, management of children with and without antiretroviral treatment, antiretroviral drugs, opportunistic infections and end-of-life. ( extracted from http://www.scribd.com/doc/11980315/Childhood-HIV-Free-online-edition ..to read this book on the internet,  use this link
http://www.scribd.com/doc/11980315/Childhood-HIV-Free-online-edition
You are also provided with a link to the PDF version of this book which you can download on the above mention web page






Perinatal HIVperinatal HIV: what health professionals need to know. 2008
Chapters cover:
  • preventing, diagnosing and managing HIV infection
  • HIV in pregnancy, during labour and delivery
  • HIV in the newborn infant
  • HIV counselling 
to read the online version of the book  on the internet visit ...
 http://www.scribd.com/doc/11980427/Perinatal-HIV-Free-online-edition
for a dpf version you can download go to the above page and selection pdf download.

 

Mpilo Library Collection

books in our library
1. Handbook of paediatric AIDs in Africa (eds) D Tindyebwa. Located at RJ387 A 25 HAN-
-covers preventing pediatric HIV infection, approach to care of HIV exposed or HIV infected child, diagnosis and clinical staging of HIV infection, common clinical conditions associated with HIV, nutrition, antiretroviral therapy, counselling and psychosocial support, 

2. Handbook of pediatric HIV Care/ S L Zeichner and J S Read located RJ387.A25
- covers immunology of HIV, diagnosis of pediatric HIV infection, preventing mother to infant HIV treatment, routine pediatric care, antiretrovial therapy, manifestations of HIV infection in children.

3. Primary child care: a manual for health workers/ WHO. Located RJ45- has a chapter on HIV and Aids, that covers HIV and the immune system, in children, assessing, classifying and identifying treatment for HIV infection, treat child and counsel the mother.

4. Fanaroff and |Martin's neonatal- perinatal medicine: diseases of the fetus and infant/ edited by J Martin. located at RJ254 MAR. -This book covers infection, diagnosis, care of mothers and infants with HIV, in developed and developing countries, definition, prevention, prenatal testing among other topics

These are just a few of the books in our library collection that cover the topic. To borrow or read these and many more other books on this topic, please visit our library. 

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